Sec4

The French and Indian War


 * Rivals for an Empire**
 * France & Britain- rivals
 * Ohio River Valley- land between those two colonies
 * colonists supported Britain
 * __France's North American Empire__
 * Quebec: first permanent French settlement in North America
 * Mississippi Valley (Louisiana)
 * New France
 * different than British colonies (70,000 compared to >1,000,000)
 * not motivated to build towns
 * fur traders (trapping was done by Hurons, Ottawas, Ojibwas, etc.)
 * catholic priests: preached; friendlier to Native Americans


 * Britain Defeats an Old Enemy**
 * French vs. British empire (collision)
 * two wars had taken place in past half-century
 * conflict arose once again (1754)
 * Fort Duquesne was built by the French (Ohio; today's Pittsburgh)
 * British had needed the land
 * sent militia to the French
 * George Washington on the lead
 * established Fort Necessity (~40miles from Fort D)
 * British attacked, French attacked back; French and Indian War starts (for control of North America).
 * Early French Victories
 * First attack- French's victory
 * (a year after) General Edward Braddock & George W. dispatched to drive French out of the region
 * British ran away-- ambushed by French and Natives who fought the way the British wasn't expecting.
 * Pitt and the Iroquois Turn the Tide
 * King George sends new leaders to run his government:
 * William Pitt
 * the British were winning battles under him (finally)
 * Iroquois help as well.
 * James Wolfe led them in attacking and capturing Quebec (1759)
 * Treaty of Paris officially ends war (1763).
 * Great Britain with all of North A east of MI River.
 * Victories Brings New Problems
 * Natives were afraid of British taking things away from them.
 * Ottawa leader (Pontiac) captures 8 British forts (Ohio Valley)
 * British officers presented blankets infected with small-pox to two DE chiefs
 * virus began to spread among Natives
 * Natives began negotiating
 * Proclamation of 1763 (issued by British government)
 * banned all of Appalachians' west side.
 * Native's lands still continued to be taken over by colonists


 * The Colonies and Britain Grow Apart**
 * Proclamation of 1763
 * made colonists think the British government didn't care about them.
 * tax increase
 * British, who were in financial crisis, decided to raise taxes (because of French and Indian War)
 * British Policies Anger Colonists
 * Britain vs. Massachusetts tensions increase (1763)
 * Problems Resulting from the War
 * 10,000 troops stationed by British to control Natives & former French subjects (postwar)
 * affect Britain's budget.....= national debt.
 * King George III & his financial expert George Grenville
 * started Acts
 * Sugar Act (1764)
 * duty on foreign-made molasses divided in half
 * law enforcement strengthened.
 * Britain & colonies disagree on how the government should be run as well as about tax (end of 1764)
 * dissatisfaction... eventually lead to war
 * dissatisfaction... eventually lead to war